Sham-operated rats treated with distilled water (SHAM) and ovariectomized rats treated with distilled water (OVX), 10 mg/kg/d sodium alendronate (ALEN), or 300 mg/kg/d Artemisia princeps ethanol extract (AP) daily by oral gavage (0.1 mL/kg) for 15 weeks starting at Week 14. Data expressed as group mean±SEM. ^aEqual variances independent samples t-test versus sham p<0.05. ^bMann-Whitney mean rank test versus sham p<0.05. ¹Pre-Week-13 figures reported as untreated ovariectomized rat group (n=16). ²Figures calculated from a subset of sham (n=2), ovariectomy controls (n=2), alendronate (n=2), and AP rats (n=2).