^*Typical: first generation antipsychotics, mainly act as dopamine D2 receptor antagonist.

^**Atypical: second generation antipsychotics, mainly act as dopamine D2 and serotonin 2A receptors antagonists.

Abbreviations: DRI: dopamine reuptake inhibitor, SSRI: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, NRI: norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, α2AR: Adrenergic alpha-2 receptor agonists, MT: melatonin.