Fig. 1. The cell proliferation rates and the expression levels of hypoxia- and glycolysis-associated genes among different GBM cells under normoxia and hypoxia. (A~C) Growth curves of different GBM cells maintained under normoxic (20% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions. Data are presented as the means±S.E.M (n=8). *, **, and *** denote difference between indicated points at p<0.05, p<0.01, and p<0.001, respectively. #, ##, and ### denote difference between normoxic and hypoxic groups at p<0.05, p<0.01, and p<0.001, respectively (Two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by post hoc test). (D~E) Representative images of RT-PCR (D) and quantified expression levels (E) of HIF1α in GBM cells maintained under normoxic (20% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions for 48 hours. (F~J) Representative images of RT-PCR (F) and quantified expression levels (G~J) of the glycolysisassociated genes, PDK1, PDK3, GLUT1, and PKM2, in GBM cells maintained under normoxic (20% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions for 48 hours. Data are presented as the means±S.E.M (n=4-6 repeats in each group). β-actin was used as an internal control. *, **, and *** denote difference between normoxic and hypoxic groups at p<0.05, p<0.01, and p<0.001, respectively (Student's t test).
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