Fig. 4. Activations of FAK, Erk, and Akt pathways by OPNpt20. (A~C) BV2 cells were stimulated with OPNpt20 (1 µg/ml) or OPNpt20-Db (1 µg/ml) for 1 hr, and levels of phosphorylated or total FAK, Erk, and Akt were assessed by immunoblotting. (D~M) BV2 cells were incubated with OPNpt20 for 6 hrs in the presence or absence of wortmannin (0.2 µM; an Akt inhibitor) or PD98059 (20 µM; an Erk inhibitor). Cell morphologies were determined by image analysis using a confocal microscope (D~G) and cell motilities were measured every 10 minutes for 6 hrs by live cell imaging (I~L). Fluorescence intensities (H) and total migration distances (M) were measured using Image J software and results are presented as means±SEMs. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 versus PBS-treated controls and ##p<0.01 versus OPNpt20-treated cells. Scale bars represent 50 µm (D~G) or 125 µm (I~L).
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