Fig. 1. Effect of aucubin on neuronal differentiation of hippocampal NPCs into specific cell types, GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons. (A) Fluorescence images of GAD immunoreactive cells in differentiation conditions with aucubin treatment (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 µM). (B) The chemical structure of aucubin. (A) NPCs were stained with a GABAergic cell marker, GAD65/67 (red) and (C) glutamatergic cell marker, vGluT1 (red). Nuclei were counted with DAPI (blue). (D) The GAD65/67- and vGluT1-positive cells (%) of DAPI-positive cells in the aucubin-treated group were significantly increased compared to the vehicle-treated group. (E) The length of neurites of GAD65/67-positive cells (µm) in the aucubin-treated group significantly increased compared to the vehicle-treated group. The data are the means±SD from five determinations. *p<0.05 vs. control by one-way ANOVA. The scale bar indicates 20 µm.
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