Fig. 2. Schematic illustration for molecular signal cascade for synaptic and intrinsic plasticity in the cerebellar PCs. Intrinsic plasticity indeed shares intracellular signal cascade for synaptic plasticity, in which LTP-IE requires activation of phosphatases such as PP1 and PP2B whereas LTD-IE is dependent on PKC activation. In contrast to abundant studies describing the cellular mechanisms and behavioral outcomes of LTP-IE, detailed mechanisms of LTD-IE and its behavioral impact are still elusive although synaptic LTD has long been considered as cellular basis for cerebellar motor learning. In this review, BK channels are proposed for one plausible ion channels involved in LTD-IE. CaMKII activation is found to be involved in upregulation of BK channel activity (green dot line) in the VN neurons.
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