Clinical manifestation and brain imaging features presented in previously reported cases [<span class="xref"><a href="#B9">9</a></span>] and our patient
Findings from previous reportOur case
Age of onset for female and male patients (mean±SD)40±10 years in female49 years / female
47±11 years in male
Disease duration (mean±SD)6.8±5.4 years12 years
Mode of inheritanceAutosomal dominant inheritance or sporadic occurrenceNot definite
 Father: dementia and gait disturbance
 Sister: gait disturbance
Clinical features (prevalence, %)
 Cognitive impairment0.94Present
 K-MMSE; 25/30 initially
 Psychiatric symptoms75%Present
  Anxiety, depression, apathy, indifference, abulia, irritability, disinhibition, distraction, etc. Depression → aggressive behavior
 Parkinsonism61%Present
  Resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instabilityPostural instability, bradykinesia (left dominant) → rigidity↑
 Pyramidal signs57%Present
  Hyperreflexia, spasticity, increased tone in extremities, pseudobular palsyHyperreflexia, spasticity
Seizures32%Present
Other clinical featuresDysarthria (34%)Present
Dysphagia (17%)Present
Ataxia (27%)Present
Sensory disturbance (10%)Allodynia
Peripheral neuropathy (2%)History of premature ovarian failure
Voiding difficulty
MRI findings (prevalence, %)
 Bilateral white matter lesions69%Present
 Thining of corpus callosum49%Present
 Calcification in the white matter14%Absent
Exp Neurobiol 2019;28:119~129 https://doi.org/10.5607/en.2019.28.1.119
© Exp Neurobiol