Fig. 4. The effect of VPA on the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory marker genes in the midbrain area of LRRK2 R1441G mutant mice. The mRNA level of inflammatory genes was determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Most of inflammatory mRNA level (including IL-1β, TLR2, TLR4, TNF-α, CD45, CD11b, and IκB-α) were significantly increased in LRRK2 R1441G mutant mice compared to littermate normal control mice. VPA significantly decreased mRNA level of IL-1β, TLR2 in LRRK2 R1441G mutant mice compared to vehicle group (*p<0.05). Data are expressed as the mean±SEM of four independent experiments.
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