Fig. 6. GSEA algorithm shows that gene sets of tumor spheroid and NSCs are highly enriched in CN-spheroids in comparison with CN-differentiated cells and SVZ-NSC. In every thumbnail, the green curve represents the evolution of the density of the genes identified in microarray gene chip. The heatmap on the right shows where the gene expression is relatively high (red) or low (blue) for each gene in the indicated sample. (a~f) Enriched gene sets in CN-spheroids versus CN-differentiated cells. (a) GUENTHER_GROWTH_SPHERICAL_VS_ADHERENT_UP. (b) REACTOME_PACKAGING_OF_TELOMERE_ENDS. (c) KOBAYASHI_EGFR_SIGNALING_24HR_UP. (d) GO_CXCR_CHEMOKINE_RECEPTOR_BINDING. (e) KEGG_GLYCINE_SERINE_AND_THREONINE_METABOLISM. (f) KEGG_STEOROID_HORMONE_BIOSYNTHESIS. (g~o) Enriched gene sets in CN-spheroids vs. SVZ-NSCs. (g) HARRIS_BRAIN_CANCER_PROGENITORS: Genes from the brain cancer stem (cancer stem cell, CSC) signature. (h)WANG_ESOPHAGUS_CANCER_VS_NORMAL_UP: Up-regulated genes specific to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) relative to normal tissue. (i) BOQUEST_STEM_CELL_UP: Genes up-regulated in freshly isolated CD31- (stromal stem cells from adipose tissue) versus the CD31+ (non-stem) counterparts. (j) VERHAAK_GLIOBLASTOMA_MESENCHYMAL: Genes correlated with mesenchymal type of glioblastoma multiforme tumors. (k) ONDER_CDH1_SIGNALING_VIA_CTNNB1. (l) ANASTASSIOU_MULTICANCER_INVASIVENESS_SIGNATURE: Invasiveness signature resulting from cancer cell/microenvironment interaction. (m) GO_TRANSFORMING_GROWTH_FACTOR_BETA_BINDING (Gene Ontology (GO): Interacting selectively and non-covalently with TGF-beta, transforming growth factor beta, a multifunctional peptide that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. (n) ABBUD_LIF_SIGNALING_1_UP: Genes up-regulated in AtT20 cells (pituitary cancer) after treatment with LIF. (o) DEMAGALHAES_AGING_UP: Genes consistently overexpressed with age, based on meta-analysis of microarray data.
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