Primer characteristics for real-time polymerase chain reaction
| Primer | Forward sequence | Reverse sequence |
| IL-1β | CCC TGC AGC TGG AGA GTG TGG | TGT GCT CTG CTT GAG AGG TGC |
| TNF-α | CGT CGT AGC AAA CCA CCA AG | CAC AGA GCA ATG ACT CCA AA |
| iNOS | CAG CGC ATA CCA CTT CAG C | ACC ATC GAG CAT CCC AAG |
| COX-2 | CGG AGG AGA AGT GGG GTT TA | TGG GAG GCA CTT GCG TTG AT |
| CAT | CCA CGA GGG TCA CGA ACT GT | CTC CTA TTG CCG TCC GAT TC |
| SOD1 | GGC CAC ACC GTC CTT TCG | CGG TCC AGC GGA TGA AGA |
| SOD2 | TAA GCG TGC TCC CAC ACA TC | ATC AGG ACC CAC TGC AAG GA |
| SOD3 | TGC AGA CTG CGT GCA TCT C | GCG ACA CGC ACT CCA AAG A |
| GAPDH | GGG GGC TCT CTG CTC CTC CC | CGG CCA AAT CCG TTC ACA CCG |
| Primer | Catalog No. | Manufacture |
| Serpina3n | qRnoCID0005765 | Bio-rad, CA, USA |
| VCAM1 | qRnoCID0005077 | Bio-rad, CA, USA |
IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; CAT, catalase; SOD, superoxide dismutase; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; VCAM1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1.