Fig. 3. Examples of cranial and spinal window; (a) a sealed cranial windows (closed cranial window) (an original image), (b) a plug type open-close/retractable/accessible window (Reproduced with permission, Copyright 2014, Frontiers [
84]), (c) a window with implanted micro-ECoG multi-channel electrode array and 12 holes (Reproduced with permission, Copyright 2013, Elsevier [
114]), (d) a cranial window utilizing a gradient-index (GRIN) lens and endoscopy targeting hippocampus (Reproduced with permission, Copyright 2011, Springer Nature [
68]), (e) a flexible PDMS-based accessible window (Reproduced with permission, Copyright 2016, Springer Nature [
40]), (f) transparent graphene microelectrode arrays (Reproduced with permission, Copyright 2018, Springer Nature [
108]), (g) modified open skull window with PEO-CYTOP fluoropolymer nanosheets (Reproduced with permission, Copyright 2020, Elsevier [
87]), and (h) spinal cord chamber window (SCCW) (Reproduced with permission, Copyright 2012, Springer Nature [
21]).
