Demographic and clinical characteristics
| EOAD | LOAD | Control | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 18 | 59 | 107 | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male (%) | 8 (44.4) | 35 (59.3) | 58 (54.2) | 0.527 |
| Female (%) | 10 (55.6) | 24 (40.7) | 49 (45.8) | |
| Baseline age | 63.5±6.3 |
76.8±5.1 |
73.3±6.4 |
LOAD vs Control=0.052 |
| Onset age | 58.1±4.4 | 72.3±5.6 | N/A | <0.001 |
| Disease duration | 5.4±4.3 | 4.6±3.1 | N/A | 0.370 |
| Education | 15.8±2.2 | 16.0±2.6 | 16.8±2.5 | 0.069 |
| Handedness | ||||
| Right (%) | 16 (88.9) | 55 (93.2) | 97 (90.7) | 0.794 |
| Left (%) | 2 (11.1) | 4 (6.8) | 10 (9.3) | |
| ApoE4 genotype | ||||
| ≥1 allele (%) | 13 (72.2) | 42 (71.2) | 30 (28.0) | <0.001 |
| None (%) | 5 (27.8) | 17 (28.8) | 77 (72.0) | |
| Family history of dementia | ||||
| Yes (%) | 7 (38.9) | 26 (44.1) | 50 (46.7) | 0.059 |
| No (%) | 10 (55.6) | 25 (42.4) | 56 (52.3) | |
| Unsure (%) | 1 (5.6) | 8 (13.6) | 1 (0.9) | |
| Hypertension (%) | 7 (38.9) | 31 (52.5) | 49 (45.8) | 0.533 |
| Alcohol (%) | 1 (5.6) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (5.6) | 0.180 |
| Smoking (%) | 4 (22.2) | 23 (39.0) | 49 (45.8) | 0.155 |
| MMSE | 21.9±3.6 |
23.2±2.4 |
29.2±0.9 |
EOAD vs LOAD=0.391 |
| CDR | 0.8±0.3 (0.5, 1) | 0.8±0.3 (0.5, 2) | N/A | 0.894 |
| CDR-SB | 5.4±4.3 | 4.6±3.1 | N/A | 0.777 |
| Logical memory, immediate | 3.7±2.3 | 4.8±2.9 | N/A | 0.175 |
| Logical memory, delayed | 1.1±2.2 | 1.9±2.0 | N/A | 0.164 |
| BNT-30 | 24.9±4.6 | 22.6±5.5 | N/A | 0.109 |
| Category fluency (animal) | 12.8±5.0 | 12.3±4.9 | N/A | 0.674 |
| TMT-A (time) | 15.8±2.2 | 16.0±2.6 | N/A | 0.844 |
| TMT-B (time) | 166.3±64.3 | 177.4±84.9 | N/A | 0.618 |
| FAQ total score | 13.7±7.9 | 12.3±6.5 | N/A | 0.472 |
| NPI total score | 6.4±7.3 | 6.8±8.8 | N/A | 0.867 |
| GDS | 1.6±0.9 | 1.4±1.3 | N/A | 0.617 |
MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; CDR, Clinical Dementia Rating; CDR-SB, CDR sum of boxes; BNT, Boston naming test; TMT, Trail-making Test; FAQ, Functional Activities Questionnaire; NPI, Neuropsychiatric Inventory; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale.
ap<0.001 between EOAD versus LOAD; bp<0.001 between EOAD versus control; cp<0.001 between LOAD versus control.